Hypernatraemia

Last updated: Monday, 13, December, 2010
CausesAppropriate Tests

Hypernatraemia is not usually seen unless the individual has a defective thirst mechanism or is unable to drink.

Electrolytes, osmolality, creatinine, urea; urine - electrolytes, osmolality.

Artefactual resultSee Table 1
Inadequate fluid intake, especially
  • Confusion/coma
Excessive fluid loss, especially
  • Respiratory tract
    • Mechanical ventilation
    • Hyperpnoea
  • Skin
    • Sweating
  • Kidneys
Excessive salt intake, especially
  • Intravenous saline
  • Intravenous sodium bicarbonate
  • Incorrect infant formula